OPG/Lat Ceph Licensing Exam (QLD)

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1) Identify the structure indicated by the arrow marked “A” in this x-ray tube and which material is it made it from? (1 mark)

A) Target made up of Copper

B) Cathode made up of Tungsten

C) Target made up of Tungsten

D) Anode made up of lead

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2) In an x-ray tube, the focusing cup is made of …………….? (1 mark)

A) Copper

B) Lead

C) Aluminum

D) Molybdenum

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3) During x-ray production, how much energy is converted into x-rays? (1 mark)

A) 10%

B) 99%

C) 1%

D) 50%

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4) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of TUNGSTEN TARGET used in X-Ray tube head? (1 mark)

A) High atomic number

B) High melting point

C) High thermal conductivity

D) Low thermal conductivity

E) Low vapor pressure

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5) Which radiation is produced when high-speed electrons pass close to, or strike, the nuclei of the target atoms (1 mark)

A) Characteristic radiation

B) Bremsstrahlung radiation

C) Compton scattering

D) Coherent scattering

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6) When an x-ray is produced by an interaction that results in characteristic radiation, an electron: (1 mark)

A) Passes close to the nucleus

B) Passes close to an electron

C) Collides with an inner shell electron

D) Collides with an outer shell electron

E) Collides with the nucleus

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7) If you increase the peak kilovoltage (kVp) in an X-ray tube, you are: (1 mark)

i) Increasing the number of x-rays produced
ii) Increasing the kinetic energy of the x-rays produced
iii) Changing the direction of the x-rays
iv) Increasing the penetrating ability of the X-rays

A) i)

B) i) and iii)

C) iii)

D) ii) and iii)

E) i), ii) and iv)

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8) Which of the following is classified as a somatic stochastic effect of radiation? (1 mark)

A) Hair loss

B) Xerostomia

C) Mucositis

D) Radiation caries

E) Cancer

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9) Which among the following about somatic deterministic effects of radiation is false? (1 mark)

A) These are damaging effects to the body.

B) It will definitely result from specific high dose of radiation.

C) The severity of the effect is not proportional to the dose received.

D) In most cases a threshold dose exists below which there will be no effect.

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10) Which of the following is a measure of the cancer risk to a whole organism due to ionizing radiation delivered non-uniformly to part(s) of its body? (1 mark)

A) Absorbed dose

B) Equivalent dose

C) Effective dose

D) Radiation exposure

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11) Identify the type of Radiation effect based on the following characteristic features (1 mark)

It is the effect induced when body is exposed to any dose of radiation
There is no threshold dose
Severity of effect is not proportional to the dose of radiation

A) Somatic Stochastic effect

B) Somatic deterministic effect

C) Genetic stochastic effect

D) Acute radiation syndrome

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12) What is the SI Unit of Effective dose? (1 mark)

A) Gray (Gy)

B) Sievert(Sv)

C) Becquerel (Bq)

D) Coulomb/kilogram (C/kg)

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13) According to Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear safety agency (ARPANSA)’s recommendations, how much is the maximum dose limit for pregnant dental practitioner? (1 mark)

A) 1mSv

B) 1Sv

C) 20mSv

D) 1 Gy

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14) In dosimetry, the Equivalent Dose takes into account: (1 mark)

A) Both, different types of radiation and the tissues

B) Only different types of tissues

C) Only different types of radiation

D) The amount of damage caused

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15) As detailed in the ARPANSA guidelines, how much is the permissible level (for general public) of radiation per annum? (1 mark)

A) 1 mSv in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

B) 1 Gy in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

C) 20 mSv in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

D) 20 Gy in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

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16) As detailed in the ARPANSA guidelines, how much is the permissible level (for occupationals) of radiation per annum? (1 mark)

A) 1 mSv in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

B) 1 Gy in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

C) 20 mSv in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

D) 20 Gy in a year averaged over a period of 5 consecutive calendar years

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17) How much is the minimum equivalent thickness of lead required for a protective lead apron? (1 mark)

A) 1mm

B) 0.25mm

C) 0.25cm

D) 1cm

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18) Which among the following tissue is least sensitive to radiation? (1 mark)

A) Bone marrow

B) Oral mucous membrane

C) Neurons

D) Testes

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19) Which among the following components in the X-ray tube helps to absorb the heat? (1 mark)

A) Lead

B) Aluminum

C) Molybdenum

D) Copper

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20) Which among the following doesn’t act as a filter in the X-ray tube? (1 mark)

A) Oil surrounding the tube

B) Aluminum

C) Beryllium window

D) Lead

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21) A collimator in the X-ray tube is made up of? (1 mark)

A) Molybdenum

B) Aluminum

C) Lead

D) Beryllium

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22) Statement 1 – Radiographs to be advised only after taking detailed history, a thorough clinical examination and considering dental and general health needs of the patient

Statement 2 – You should place thyroid collar for patients who are undergoing OPG examinations (1 mark)

A) Statement 1 is True and statement 2 is false

B) Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true

C) Both statements are true

D) Both statements are false

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23) The inverse square law states that (1 mark)

A) As distance doubles, the intensity reduces by a factor of 4

B) As distance doubles, the intensity also doubles

C) As distance doubles, the intensity increases by a factor of 4

D) As distance doubles, the intensity triples

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24) Statement 1 – For OPG/Lat Ceph and CBCT, you should leave the room during exposure

Statement 2 – For intraoral Radiography – You should stand 6 feet (2 m) away from the primary beam at an angle of 90 to 135 degree. (1 mark)

A) Statement 1 is True and statement 2 is false

B) Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true

C) Both statements are true

D) Both statements are false

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25) Which among the following statement is false? (1 mark)

A) You can allow other people in the controlled area

B) X ray beam should be directed towards the outside wall and not to corridors or occupied rooms

C) Hazard light and sign on the door is mandatory

D) The OPG/CBCT room should have adequate thickness of wall and lead incorporated in windows and doors

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26) Which among the following is not a characteristic feature of X-Ray? (1 mark)

A) They have no mass (weight) and no charge (neutral)

B) You cannot see x-rays; they are invisible

C) X-rays travel in straight lines

D) X-ray beam can be focused to a point

E) It may diverge (spreads out) as it travels toward and through the patient

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27) Most x-ray interactions with matter occur by: (1 mark)

A) Photo-electric absorption

B) Compton scatter

C) Bremsstrahlung radiation

D) Coherent scatter

E) Characteristic radiation

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28) Identify the head positioning error on this film? (1 mark)

A) Chin up

B) Chin down

C) Patient placed too forward

D) Patient placed too backwards

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29) Which direction was the patient’s head turned? (1 mark)

A) Left

B) Right

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30) Identify the head positioning error on this film? (1 mark)

A) Chin up

B) Chin down

C) Patient placed too forward

D) Patient placed too backwards

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31) Looking at this radiograph; has the patient correctly positioned their tongue on the palate? (1 mark)

A) Yes

B) No

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32) The crowns of anterior teeth appear dark. What is the cause? (1 mark)

A) The lips are tightly closed

B) The lips were opened

C) Teeth erosion

D) The anterior teeth are all fractured

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33) Identify the encircled radiopacity (1 mark)

A) Double real image of the right ear-ring

B) Ghost image of the right ear-ring

C) A screw and plate in place

D) An ocular implant

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34) Statement 1 – If the patient has moved in the direction of the machine, this will result in duplication of teeth in an OPG.

Statement 2 – If the patient has moved in the opposite direction of the machine, then this will result in complete or partial deletion of teeth in an OPG. (1 mark)

A) Statement 1 is True and statement 2 is false

B) Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true

C) Both statements are true

D) Both statements are false

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35) Which among the following statement regarding noisy images is false? (1 mark)

A) Noisy images presents as graininess

B) Over-exposed images will be noisy/grainy

C) Poor contrast scale causes noisy images

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36) Identify the most obvious error with this radiograph (1 mark)

A) Teeth are not in centric occlusion

B) C4 cervical vertebrae not seen

C) The head is tilted down

D) Soft tissue profile is not seen

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37) Which of the following statements about Double real image in a Panoramic Radiograph is false? (1 mark)

A) Two images of a single object are seen on the film.

B) They are produced by structures located in the midline.

C) The x-ray beam passes through these objects only once as the tubehead rotates around the patient.

D) Structures that result in double real images are the hard and soft palates, the hyoid bone and the cervical spine.

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38) Which of the following statements about Ghost image in a Panoramic Radiograph is false? It appears (1 mark)

A) On Opposite side

B) Same shape as that of object

C) Less distinct

D) Smaller than the object

E) Projected higher on film

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39) Which among the following statement(in a Panoramic Radiograph) is false? If the Frankfort Plane is angled upward (1 mark)

A) The mandible will be “squared-off”

B) The hard palate will be superimposed over the roots of the maxillary teeth.

C) Exaggerated smile line

D) Condyles off side of film

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40) Which among the following statement (in a lateral ceph) is false? (1 mark)

A) The teeth must be in centric occlusion

B) The soft tissue profile must be visible

C) The lips should always be tightly closed

D) The patient must not be rotated

E) The field of view should include the C4 vertebral body

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41) The correct head position for a lateral cephalogram requires the: (1 mark)

A) Cantho-meatal line to be horizontal

B) Ala-tragal line to be horizontal

C) Maxillary central incisors to be vertical

D) Frankfort plane to be horizontal

E) Occlusal plane to be horizontal

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42) Which among the following statement is false regarding Panoramic radiograph: (1 mark)

A) It has increased sharpness compared to IOPA

B) The proximal surfaces of premolars overlap

C) We see high magnification and distortion

D) We may not see objects outside focal trough

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43) Identify the most obvious error in this radiograph? (1 mark)

A) The head is tilted up

B) Teeth are not in centric occlusion

C) Patient’s head is turned severely

D) The radiograph appears to be dark

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44) What do you think is the large radiolucency indicated by white arrows? (1 mark)

A) Ameloblastoma

B) An odontogenic cyst

C) Stafne’s defect

D) Submandibular fossa

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45) Identify the most obvious error with this radiograph (1 mark)

A) Teeth are not in centric occlusion

B) Patient swallowing during exposure

C) The head is tilted down

D) Soft tissue profile is not seen

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OPG/Lat Ceph Licensing Exam (QLD)

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